Economic integration can be articulated in five stages, each in the global landscape: with the recent proliferation of bilateral SPAs and the emergence of mega-TAPs (broad regional trade agreements such as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) or the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TTIP), a global trading system is emerging that is managed exclusively within the framework of the WTO, the unrealistic and the interactions between trading systems must be taken into account. consternation. The increasing complexity of the international trading system resulting from the proliferation of PTAs should be taken into account when considering the choice of forums used by countries or regions to promote their trade relations and environmental agenda. [2] TPAs have grown rapidly; In the 1990s, there were just over 100 PTAs. In 2014, there were more than 700. The Trend[6] project of the Canada Research Chair in International Political Economy lists approximately 700 trade agreements, the vast majority of which are bilateral. [7] As economic integration increases, the complexity of the rules increases. These are a number of rules, enforcement procedures and arbitration procedures to ensure that importers and exporters comply with the rules. Complexity entails costs that can undermine the competitiveness of territories in terms of economic integration, as it allows for less flexibility for national policies. The decentralization of economic integration could occur if the complexity and constraints it creates, including the loss of sovereignty, are no longer considered acceptable to their members. The remaining ASPT can be attributed to political preachers.

Countries under democratic domination are more inclined to participate in ASPT than countries under autocratic domination. Autocratic leaders are not elected and therefore have not threatened their power by disgruntled citizens. Democratic leaders have an incentive to satisfy their voters, and SAAs can help drive down the price of consumer goods. If they stand up for SAAs, democratic leaders can also signal to voters that they are committed to a policy that improves their well-being. Countries are also more likely to join ptAs when competing countries have already done so. [3] In 2004, Scott Baier and Jeffrey Bergstrand published that there were three economic determinants essential for the training of ASPs. Countries are more likely to participate in ASPT when they have low transport costs and higher savings. Third, countries of similar economic size should benefit most from SAA training. . . .